According to WTO statistics by the end of 2021, India continues to be the country using the most anti-dumping measures with a total of 1,100 AD initiations and 767 ADD impositions, while only 13 anti-subsidy measures and 22 Safeguard measures were imposed at the same period. The EU ranks third among the economies that regularly use anti-dumping measures with a total of 544 initiated investigations.

Figure 1: Countries using the most anti-dumping measures (1995-2021)

 

Source: WTO data

In 2021, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global production, the number of newly initiated anti-dumping investigations decreased significantly, compared to the increasing trend in previous years. However, the number of new anti-dumping investigations by the EU has been relatively stable, with 11 anti-dumping investigations initiated in 2021, compared with 12 in 2020 and 11 in 2019.

Figure 2: Trends of initiation of anti-dumping investigations by some economies (2017-2021)

Source: WTO data

Countries/territories subject to the most anti-dumping measures by the EU

Anti-dumping is the most common trade remedy measure in the EU (accounting for 84.7% of the total number of trade remedy investigations by the EU). China is the country subject to the most anti-dumping investigations with 268 initiations (accounting for 27% of the total EU’s anti-dumping investigations).

Figure 3: Anti-dumping investigation by the EU

Source: WTO data

Out of 351 anti-dumping measures imposed by the EU, 108 measures were imposed against China (accounting for 31%), followed by Russia with 24 measures, India (22 measures), Thailand (19 measures) (accounting for 5%)…

Figure 4: Top countries subject to most anti-dumping investigations by the EU (1995-2021)

 

Source: WTO data

Product groups subject to the most anti-dumping measures by the EU

The EU imposed anti-dumping measures the most on base metals and articles (accounting for 2%), followed by products of the chemical and allied industries (9%), machinery and electrical equipment (9%)…

Figure 5: Sector subject to the most anti-dumping measures by the EU

 

Source: WTO data

Source: Center for WTO and International Trade