The EU is one of the WTO members using trade remedies the most. Products exported to the EU that are frequently subject to trade remedies to protect the domestic industry include: base metals, chemical products, machinery and equipment... Countries/territories frequently accused of trade-distorting practices when exporting to the EU include: China, India, Korea, Chinese Taipei and Russia.

 

The EU initiated a total of 642 trade remedy investigations from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 2021, including 544 anti-dumping investigations, 92 countervailing investigations and 6 safeguard investigations. Among the investigations initiated, the EU has officially imposed 351 anti-dumping measures, 46 countervailing/anti-subsidy measures and 4 safeguard measures.

 

Table: Trade remedy investigations by the EU (1995 - 2021)

	Anti-dumping investigation	Anti-subsidy investigation	Safeguard investigation	Total
Initiating investigation	544	92	6	642
Imposing trade remedy measures	351	46	4	401

Source: WTO data

 

Source: Center for WTO and International Tradea